Good Shepherd (John 10:1-21)
Jesus is Rejected by the Jews at the Feast of Dedication (John 10:22-42)
This passage takes place during the Feast of Dedication (Hanukkah) in Jerusalem, where Jesus is walking in the temple courts, specifically in Solomon’s colonnade. The Jewish leaders confront Jesus, asking him to clearly state whether he is the Christ (the Messiah). Jesus responds by pointing to his...
Plot to Kill Jesus (John 11:45-57)
John 11:45-57 illustrates how human opposition to Jesus ultimately serves God's salvific purpose. The passage highlights Jesus' sacrificial death, the gathering of believers, and the blindness of those who reject him. After Jesus raises Lazarus from the dead, many Jews believe in him (ἐπίστευσαν...
Mary Anoints Jesus at Bethany (John 12:1-11)
Six days before Passover, Jesus arrives in Bethany, where Lazarus, whom he had raised from the dead, is living. A dinner is given in his honor. Martha, ever faithful in her role of service (διακονέει [diakoneō]), tends to the needs of those present. Meanwhile, Mary performs a profound and symbolic...
Jesus’ triumphal entry into Jerusalem (John 12:12-19)
This passage describes Jesus’ triumphal entry into Jerusalem. A large crowd gathers to welcome him, waving palm branches and shouting, “Hosanna! Blessed is he who comes in the name of the Lord, even the king of Israel!” Jesus enters the city riding on a young donkey, fulfilling the prophecy from...
Doubting Thomas (John 20:24-29)
The short narrative of John 20:24-29 is commonly known under the title “Doubting Thomas.” Generally, it is the Gospel of John (John 11:16; 14:5) which mostly deal with the character of Thomas and especially in the case of this narration where he becomes the model of a doubting man endlessly....
Continuing the Testimony of the Acts of Jesus Christ (Acts 1:1-3)
Acts 1:1-3 provides an introduction to the book of Acts and sets the stage for the narrative that follows. In Acts 1:1-3, Luke addresses his writing to Theophilus, who is likely a patron or a person of high social status. He explains that his earlier work, the Gospel of Luke, was about all that...
Believers Had Everything in Common (Acts 4:32-37)
This brief comment, on the way how the believers shared their possessions, pictures the social order in the early Christian community. This order is no doubt influenced by the fervent expectation of the coming of the kingdom of God.
Paul's Direct Quotations of Greco-Roman Philosophers and Poets
Paul directly quotes or alludes to Greco-Roman philosophers and poets in only a few places in the New Testament. These instances include Acts 17:28, 1 Corinthians 15:33, and Titus 1:12. In Acts 17:28, Paul addresses the Areopagus in Athens, engaging with Greek philosophical and religious thought...
The Power of the Gospel (Romans 1:16-17)
Romans 1:16-17 is a foundational passage in Christian theology, emphasizing the power and universality of the gospel and the principle of justification by faith. Paul declares that he is "not ashamed" of the gospel (εὐαγγέλιον [euangelion]), for it is the power (δύναμις [dynamis]) of God for...
Death Through Adam, Life Through Christ (Romans 5:12-21)
In this passage, the Apostle Paul explains how sin entered the world through Adam, and how Jesus Christ came to offer redemption from this sin. While all humanity is inherently sinful due to the original sin of Adam, salvation and righteousness are available to all through the grace of Jesus...
Adoption (Romans 8:14-17)
Verses of Romans 8:14-17 open one of the essential Pauline theological themes that we call adoption. In these verses, Paul develops his thesis from Romans 8 about the implications of the presence of the Holy Spirit in Christian life. One of the outcomes is the interconnection of God and people and...
Nothing can separate us from God's love (Romans 8:31-39)
Romans 8:31-39 is one of the most profound and comforting passages in the New Testament, offering deep theological insights into the love of God, the security of believers in Christ, and the unbreakable bond between Christ and those who belong to him. Paul poses a rhetorical question, "If god is...
Institution of the Lord's Supper (1 Corinthians 11:23-26)
This passage highlights the establishment of the Lord's Supper, also known as the Eucharist, as a fundamental Christian practice. It emphasizes the importance of remembering and proclaiming Jesus' sacrificial death on the cross. Jesus instructs his followers to partake in the bread and the cup...
Wives and Husbands (Ephesians 5:21-33)
The text contains crucial teachings on marriage, emphasizing the love and mutual submission that should characterize the relationship between a husband and wife while drawing a parallel to the relationship between Christ and the Church. The passage begins by calling believers to submit to one...
I can do all things through him who strengthens me (Philippians 4:13)
The theological significance of Philippians 4:13 lies in its profound statement about Christian reliance on Christ for strength and sustenance. It emphasizes the sufficiency of Christ's power in every situation, a concept that resonates deeply within Christian spirituality and practice. This verse...
Reverence of the marriage (Hebrews 13:4)
This is a brief yet powerful verse that addresses the sanctity of marriage and the importance of sexual purity within the Christian community. The theological message of Hebrews 13:4 underscores the value of marriage as a sacred institution and the need for believers to honor it by maintaining...
Word of Life (1 John 1:1-4)
The text emphasizes the importance of proclaiming the Gospel and bearing witness to Jesus Christ. It focuses on the incarnation of Jesus, the Word of Life, as God's eternal truth made tangible and accessible to humanity. This passage highlights the significance of fellowship with God and one...
Apocalypse of Jesus Christ (Revelation 1:1-3)
The first three verses of the Apocalypse of John compose an introduction to the whole book. We are introduced to the main agenda, expectation, and form of the book. The first and foremost information we are confronted with is “revelation (ἀποκάλυψις [apokalypsis])” (Rev 1:1). This Greek word...